The Laws Which Establish Political Liberty, With Regard To The Constitution on Superphysics

Liberty

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The laws that establish political liberty, as it relates to the constitution, and those by which it is established, as it relates to the citizen. The former shall be the subject of this book; the latter I shall examine in the next.

The Constitution of England

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IN every government there are 3 sorts of power:

The legislative – this lets the prince or magistrate:

create and revise laws

The executive that implements the law of nations= This lets him:

make peace or war
send or receive embassies
establish the public security
provide against invasions

The judiciary that implements the civil law= This lets him:

punish criminals
judge the disputes between individuals.

Superphysics Note!

The legislative is the worker class, the executive is warrior class, the judiciary is the intellectual class. We propose a fourth power which is the resource power representing the merchant class. This mirrors the despotism of the workers, the monarchy of the warriors, and the republic of the intellectuals.

The political liberty of the subject is a tranquillity of mind arising from the opinion each person has of his safety. In order to have this liberty, it is requisite the government be so con stituted as one man need not be afraid of another.

The Legislative

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Were the executive power not to have a right of restraining the encroachments of the legislative body, the latter would become despotic. It might arrogate to itself what authority it pleased, it would soon destroy all the other powers.

The Monarchies we are acquainted with

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

THE monarchies that we know do not have liberty as their goal. Their only aim is the glory of:

the subject,
the state, and
the sovereign.

But from these come a spirit of liberty, which can achieve great things in monarchial states, similar to liberty itself.

The Government of the Kings of Rome

Sun, 27 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000

THE government of the kings of Rome had some relation to that of the heroic Greek kings. It was generally good, but had a defect

In order to give an adequate idea of thi s government, I shall distinguish that of the first five kings, that of Ser vius Tullus, and that of Tarquin.

How the Distribution of the three Powers began to change, after the Expulsion of the Kings

Sat, 26 Sep 2015 00:00:00 +0000

Four things greatly prejudiced Rome’s liberty.

The patricians had engrossed to themselves all public employments. An exorbitant power was annexed to the consulate. The people were often insulted and had no influence left in the public suffrages. These four abuses were redressed by the people.

The legislative Power in the Roman Republic

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THERE were no rights to contest under the decemvirs; but, upon the restoration of liberty, jealousies revived; and, so long as the patricians had any privileges left, they were sure to be st ripped of them by the plebeians.

The judiciary Power in the Roman Government

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THE judiciary power was given to:

the people,
the senate,
the magistrates, and
particular judges.

How were their civil affairs distributed?

The consuls had the judiciary power after the expulsion of the kings, as the praetors were judges after the consuls. Servius Tullus had divested himself of the power of determining of civil causes, which was not resumed by the consuls, except in some very rare cases, for that reason cal led extraordinary. They were satisfied with naming the judges and establishing the several tribunals.

The Government of the Roman Provinces

Mon, 01 Jan 0001 00:00:00 +0000

SUCH was the distribution of the 3 powers in Rome. But they were far from being thus distributed in the provinces. Liberty prevailed in the center, and tyranny in the extreme parts.